In 2020, tourism represented only 1.45% of Slovakia's gross domestic product, while in the tourist record year of 2019, it represented 2.86% of the performance of the Slovak economy. Tourism is a sector facing the most extensive restrictions and therefore the greatest losses due to the pandemic.
During the first year of the coronavirus pandemic, tourism generated a total value of EUR 7.8 billion. It is a summary of the production of characteristic tourism sectors that are internationally comparable, as well as tourism-specific sectors in Slovakia.
Dodaná hodnota a ekonomický dosah cestovného ruchu
Direct added value, which is directly related to tourism, reached the value of EUR 1.1 billion and decreased year-on-year by up to one billion EUR, i.e. In 2020, tourism represented only 1.45% of GDP, while its share decreased by more than 49% year-on-year due to the pandemic and extensive travel restrictions.
The direct gross domestic product of tourism reached the value of EUR 1.3 billion which represented, similarly as the share of GDP, only half the values compared to 2019.
Zamestnanosť a pracovná doba
In 2020, the number of persons employed in tourism decreased by 7% (13 thousand persons) to 173 thousand. Most of them worked in catering services and in personal transport. Of the total number of workers, 85.2% were employees and the rest were entrepreneurs. An internationally comparable indicator - the number of jobs converted to full-time employment (FTE) reached 170.5 thousand work places. This is an 8% decrease compared to the previous year, a greater decrease was recorded by employees than entrepreneurs. A decrease was also recorded in the average number of hours worked per month. While in 2019, employees in tourism sectors worked an average of 136 hours, in 2020 it was only 113 hours. The situation was similar for entrepreneurs.
Spotreba turistov a výdavky
During the first year of the pandemic (in 2020), participants in the tourism sector, i.e. Slovaks and foreigners staying in the SR, as well as Slovak citizens traveling abroad, spent only EUR 2.1 billion. This is less than a third of the expenses compared to the pre-Covid year 2019, when tourism participants spent almost EUR 6.8 billion. Domestic tourism had the lowest year-on-year decrease, at the level of 60%. Among the three components of tourism's internal consumption, domestic tourism expenditure represented the most significant part (EUR 1.2 billion).
Regarding the pandemic measures and restrictions on travel to and from abroad, the expenses of Slovak citizens on trips abroad (outbound tourism) dropped in particular, by up to 84% to EUR 344 million. At the same time, foreigners who came to Slovakia (inbound tourism) spent EUR 579 000, i.e. The average expenses for one-trip also decreased, more so for trips with an overnight stay than for one-day trips within the domestic, inbound and outbound tourism. The highest decrease was for residents of the SR with overnight travelers on the territory of the SR, on average they spent by EUR 50 less than a year ago, this is a quarter decrease in average expenses for one-trip. The total number of leisure and business trips within the domestic, inbound and outbound tourism reached a value of almost 30 million trips and decreased by 58.1% year-on-year. More than two-thirds of the trips in the SR (21.5 million) were realized by domestic tourism participants, while 75% of them were one-day trips and the rest were longer stays with accommodation. Almost 23% of trips in the SR were made by foreign visitors, which represents 6.3 million trips in Slovakia. Compared to 2019, this is a drop in foreign visitors by 10 million trips. One-day visits (65%) also dominated the travel of foreigners. As part of the outbound tourism, Slovaks realized a total of 2 million trips abroad, this is a fifth of the number of visitors compared to the pre-Covid year of 2019. Multi-day trips (with overnight stays) dominated, representing up to 59.2% of the number of trips abroad.
Meranie a porovnanie s EÚ
- Tourism Satellite Account) provides a comprehensive view of the development of tourism economic indicators and their impact on the economy. It is an objective tool for the international comparison of the economic importance of tourism.
Úloha cestovného ruchu v regiónoch a spoločnosti
Bratislava - 28. septembra 2022 - Svetový deň cestovného ruchu sme si pripomenuli 27. septembra. Svetový deň cestovného ruchu 27. septembra oslavujeme každý rok od roku 1980. Tento pamätný deň symbolizuje výročie založenia svetovej organizácie cestovného ruchu - agentúry Spojených národov, známej pod označením UNWTO. Ako vo väčšine krajín sveta, cestovný ruch na Slovensku stavia na prírodnom, kultúrnom a historickom dedičstve. Obohacuje komunity a spoločnosť v turistických destináciách a samotných turistov poznatkami o kultúre, histórii a prírodnom bohatstve našej krajiny.
Cestovný ruch bol pred pandémiou najrýchlejšie rastúcim sektorom. V roku 2019 bolo v odvetví cestovného ruchu na Slovensku spolu takmer 185 tisíc pracovných miest, z toho 84,2 % tvorili pracovné miesta zamestnancov a 15,8 % podnikateľov. Domáci a zahraniční návštevníci minuli pred pandémiou na Slovensku viac ako 4,7 miliardy EUR. Pandémia však spôsobila výrazný pokles príjmov a odliv zamestnancov z prevádzok. Pri dobrom nastavení pravidiel štátu, samospráv a zodpovednom prístupe prevádzok cestovného ruchu, dokáže však tento sektor zvýšiť svoj prínos pre krajinu a súčasne nespôsobovať ekologickú záťaž, či iné negatívne prejavy.
Cestovný ruch je súbor činností zameraných na uspokojovanie potrieb súvisiacich s cestovaním a pobytom osôb mimo miesta trvalého bydliska a zvyčajne vo voľnom čase. Ich cieľom je odpočinok, poznávanie, zdravie, rozptýlenie a zábava, kultúrne a športové vyžitie, služobné cesty, t. j. získanie komplexného zážitku.
tags: #medzinarodny #cestovny #ruch